The social effects of illegal immigration in Libyan society: An analytical sociological study

Abstract

This sociological study explores the complex phenomenon of irregular migration in Libya and its multifaceted social, economic, and cultural impacts. Utilizing a descriptive-analytical methodology and social conflict theory as an explanatory framework, the research dissects how migration has fundamentally altered the Libyan social structure since the 2011 political and security shifts. The study reveals that irregular migration is not merely a transient movement of people but a structural issue stemming from systemic imbalances in both origin and host countries. Findings indicate that this phenomenon has intensified social conflict due to increased competition for limited resources like employment and public services, particularly in urban areas experiencing high migrant density. Furthermore, the study identifies a significant expansion of the informal economy and an erosion of social cohesion caused by the weakening of traditional and institutional social control mechanisms. The lack of clear public policies for cultural integration has led to value-based clashes and the emergence of negative social perceptions between local populations and migrants. Sociologically, the research highlights how certain economic groups benefit from cheap labor while vulnerable local segments, especially the youth, face marginalization and exclusion. The paper concludes that addressing irregular migration requires a comprehensive approach rooted in social justice, institutional strengthening, and the implementation of balanced policies that protect both human rights and national stability. It recommends formalizing the labor market and enhancing regional cooperation to address the root causes of migration rather than solely focusing on security-based interventions.