Total Soluble Fluoride Derivatives Determination in Three Different Commercial Brands of Toothpaste in Malaysia Market by Using Fluoride Ion-Selective Electrode

Abstract

This study investigated and ranked the total soluble fluoride derivatives across four commercial toothpaste brands available in the Malaysian market using the ion-selective electrode (ISE) technique. Accurately quantifying soluble fluoride is essential for evaluating the anticariogenic efficacy and safety profiles of dental hygiene products. Experimental procedures involved sample preparation, digestion, and potentiometric determination against standardized fluoride solutions. The findings revealed notable variations in total soluble fluoride concentrations among the tested brands. Specifically, the Sensodyne sample exhibited the highest concentration of total soluble fluoride derivatives at 3524.2897 ppm, followed by Darlie at 1864.9310 ppm and Zact at 1509.0499 ppm. Conversely, Colgate recorded the lowest total soluble fluoride derivatives at 1206.4733 ppm. These variations correlate directly with the respective formulation characteristics, abrasive percentages, and chemical compositions of each brand. The results provide critical data regarding commercial fluoride availability, assisting consumers and dental professionals in selecting appropriate products that balance effective caries prevention with safety against dental fluorosis.