Impact Analysis of Topography on Urban Expansion Trends in the Mizda Region

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the impact of topography on urban expansion patterns in the Mazda area using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The results indicate that natural terrain is the primary factor guiding urban growth, with development concentrated in lowlands and gently sloping areas, while highlands, steep slopes, wadis, and sand dunes acted as natural barriers restricting expansion in certain directions. Temporal analysis for the periods 2003–2013–2024 shows that urban growth adapted to these topographic constraints, with development focused on flat areas and avoiding natural obstacles. The study recommends directing future urban expansion towards suitable areas and utilizing GIS tools in urban planning to ensure sustainable growth and minimize natural hazards.